Mo te ngawari o te tono, ka whakarōpūhia nga monomers polymeric ki nga waahanga matua e toru: nga monomers pakeke, monomers ngawari me nga monomers mahi.Ko te Methyl methacrylate (MMA), te styrene (ST), me te karu kiriaku (AN) ko nga monomers pakeke e whakamahia nuitia ana, engari ko te ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), me te isooctyl acrylate (2-EHA) te nuinga. whakamahia monomers ngohengohe.
Ko te waikawa kiriaku mekameka-roa me nga hākawa methacrylic (pērā i te lauryl me te octadecyl esters) he pai ake te aukati i te waipiro me te aukati wai.
Ko nga monomers mahi he acrylates me te methacrylates kei roto nga roopu hydroxyl, me nga monomers kei roto nga roopu carboxyl he waikawa kiriaku me te waikawa methacrylic.Ko te whakaurunga o nga roopu hydroxyl ka taea te whakarato i nga roopu mahi mo nga kapia-whakarewa me nga apiha whakaora polyurethane me nga kapia amino mo te hono-whakawhiti.Ko etahi atu monomers mahi he: acrylamide (AAM), hydroxymethylacrylamide (NMA), diacetone acrylamide (DAAM) me te ethyl acetoacetate methacrylate (AAEM), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), vinyl siloxanes (pērā i te vinylnetrimethoxylsilane, vinyltrimethoxylsilane) (2-methoxyethoxy) silane, vinyl triisopropoxy silane, γ-methyl propionyloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, γ-methyl propionyloxypropyl tri(β-trimethoxyethoxy silane) monomer, me etahi atu. , kaua e nui rawa, ki te kore ka pa ki te pupuri i te pumau o te kapia, te peita ranei.. Vinyl triisopropoxysilane monomer na te aukati i te waahi o te waahi, ka iti ake te whakamaarama o te here Si-O, ka taea te whakanui ake i te nui ki te 10% i roto i te polymerization whakaehunga, he pai. ki te whakapai ake i te parenga wai o te whakaehunga, te huarere me etahi atu taonga, engari he nui ake te utu Ko te monomer whakaehunga polymerization, te diacetone acrylamide (DAAM), te ethyl acetoacetate methacrylate (AAEM) me whakamahi me te mutunga o te polymerization me te hexanediyl dihydrazide, hexanediamine compound , ka taea te whakaetonga wai i roto i te piriti mekameka macromolecular i waenganui i te hanganga o te kiriata hono-whiti.
Carboxyl monomer kei roto te waikawa kiriaku me te waikawa methacrylic, ka taea e te whakaurunga o nga roopu carboxyl te whakapai ake i te kapia ki te tae, te whakakii whakakii me te piri ki te tïpako, me te roopu epoxy te tauhohenga, ko te rongoa o nga kapia amino he mahi catalytic.Ko te ihirangi carboxyl o te kapia e whakamahia nuitia ana te uara waikawa (AV), ara, te maha o nga milligrams o KOH e hiahiatia ana hei whakakore i te 1g kapia, te wae mgKOH/g (kapia totoka), te mana AV whanui mo te 10mgKOH/g (totoka. resin), pūnaha polyurethane, AV he iti ki raro, kapia amino me te AV ka nui ake, hei whakatairanga i te hononga-whakawhiti.
A, no te synthesizing kapia kiriaku hydroxy, te momo me te nui o te monomer hydroxyl he awe nui ki te mahi kapia.Ko te wahanga waikawa kiriaku hydroxy o te punaha polyurethane rua-waahanga e whakamahia ana hei monomer hydroxyl tuatahi: hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) ranei;ka whakamahia te wahanga waikawa waikawa waikawa o te peita tunu amino hei monomer hydroxyl tuarua: waikawa kiriaku-β-hydroxypropyl ester (HPA) methacrylic acid-β-hydroxypropyl ester (HPMA).Ko te mahi o te monomer he teitei ake, a ko te hydroxypropyl resin synthesized by it is used as the hydroxyl component of the amino baking lacquer, e pa ana ki te rokiroki o te lacquer, ka taea
whiriwhiria te monomer hydroxypropyl tuarua.I nga tau tata nei, kei reira etahi monomers hydroxyl hou, penei i te waikawa kiriaku, hydroxybutyl methacrylate ranei, hydroxyethyl methacrylate me te taapiri ε-caprolactone (1:1 ranei 1:2 mol ratio, Dow Chem Company).Ko nga resini i whakahiatohia e te taapiri o te hydroxyethyl methacrylate me te ε-caprolactone he iti ake te pokey, a ka taea te tutuki i te toenga pai o te pakeke me te ngawari.I tua atu, ko te whakaurunga o nga roopu hydroxyl i te mutunga o te mekameka macromolecular e nga kaihoko whakawhiti mekameka hydroxyl-momo (pēnei i te mercaptoethanol, mercaptopropanol, me te 2-hydroxyethyl mercaptopropionate) ka whakapai ake i te tohatoha o nga roopu hydroxyl, ka piki ake te pakeke, ka whakawhäiti i te ngota. te tohatoha taimaha, te whakaiti i te pokey o te punaha.
Hei whakapai ake i te aukati waihā ki te whakauru i te styrene, te acrylate me te waikawa methacrylic nga hākawa alkyl matatau hei whakaiti i te ihirangi rōpū hākawa.Ka taea te whakaaro e rua ki te taurite i te kaha o te rangi me te parenga waihano.Ko te waikawa methacrylic esters alkyl matatau he lauryl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, me etahi atu, ko enei monomers te nuinga o te whakawhirinaki ki nga kawemai.
Ko nga kapia C mo nga whakakikorua he maha nga copolymers, a me whai whakaaro ki a raatau mahi kapolymerization i te wa e whiriwhiri ana i nga monomers.Na te rereke o te hanganga monomer, he rereke te mahi copolymerization, he rereke te titonga copolymer me te ranunga monomer i te nuinga o te waa, mo te rua, te terpolymerization, ka taea te hono ma te wharite titonga copolymer.Mo te maha atu o nga kape kanorau, karekau he wharite honohono pai e waatea ana, ma nga rangahau whakamatautau anake, he tātaritanga motuhake o nga raru motuhake.I roto i te mahi, ka whakamahia te tikanga whangai "matekai" ranunga monomer (arā, te reiti kai monomer < te reeti kapolymerization) hei whakahaere i te hanganga copolymer.Kia pai ai te mahi kapolymerization, kia kaua e rerekee te kape me te ranunga o te reeti polymerization monomer, penei i te styrene me te vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, propylene kanohi uaua ki te copolymerize.Me kapehia me te rereketanga nui o te monomer mahi, ka taea e koe te taapiri i te monomer mo te whakawhiti, ara, te taapiri i te monomer, me te monomer me etahi atu reeti polymerization monomer he tata ki te copolymerization o te pai, te styrene me te acrylate he uaua ki te kapolymerize, ko te taapiri i te monomer acrylate ka taea te whakapai ake i to raatau kapolymerization.
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Mena karekau he uara o te reeti polymerization, ka taea te whakamahi i te uara Q me te e o te monomer ki te tatau i te reiti polymerization, te whakamahi tika ranei i te Q me te e ki te arotake noa i te mahi copolymerization, e kore e taea e te uara copolymerization monomer Q te rereke rawa, ki te kore he uaua ki te copolymerize;ina he rereke te uara e, he ngawari ki te whakakapi i te kapolymerization, etahi uaua ki te kape i te monomer ma te taapiri i te uara Q takawaenga o te monomer, ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi copolymerization.
Ko te kowhiringa monomer me aro ano ki te rahi o te paitini o te monomer, ko te paitini acrylate whanui he nui ake i te paitini o te methacrylate e rite ana, penei i te paitini methyl acrylate he nui ake i te paitini o te methyl methacrylate, hei taapiri atu ki te paitini o te ethyl acrylate. he nui ake hoki.
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Wā tuku: Akuhata-22-2021